RESUMEN
Scientific research based on medicinal plants has been highlighted as a complementary treatment to T2DM, stand out the Vochysiaceae family, which have been widely used in folk medicine by traditional South American communities to treat some diseases. Our study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and antiglycation activities of ethanol extracts of leaves (LF) and stem barks (SB) of Vochysiaceae species, evaluated their capacities to inhibit glycoside and lipid hydrolases related to T2DM and molecular identification by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Our main findings indicate that the ethanolic extract of four of eight analyzed plants such as LF and SB of Q. grandiflora, Q. parviflora, V. elliptica and Calisthene major exhibited, respectively, potential of α-amylase inhibition (IC50 of LF: 5.7⯱â¯0.6, 4.1⯱â¯0.5, 5.8⯱â¯0.5, 3.2⯱â¯0.6 and IC50 of SB: 3.3⯱â¯0.7, 6.2⯱â¯2.0, 121.0⯱â¯8.6 and 11.2⯱â¯2.8⯵g/mL), capacities of antioxidant (ORAC of LF: 516.2⯱â¯0.1, 547.6⯱â¯4.9, 544.3⯱â¯6.1, 442.6⯱â¯2.4 and ORAC of SB: 593.6⯱â¯22.3, 497.7⯱â¯0.8, 578⯱â¯12.3, 593.6⯱â¯19.5⯵mol trolox eq/g; FRAP of LF: 796.1⯱â¯0.9, 427.7⯱â¯22.0, 81.0⯱â¯1.9, 685⯱â¯37.9 and FRAP of SB: 947.4⯱â¯24.9, 738.6⯱â¯24.3, 98.8⯱â¯7.9, 970.8⯱â¯13.9⯵mol trolox eq/g; DPPH IC50 of LF: 14.2⯱â¯1.8, 36.3⯱â¯6.9, 11.8⯱â¯1.9, 13.3⯱â¯1.2 and DPPH IC50 of SB: 16.0⯱â¯3.0, 15.5⯱â¯1.9, 126.1⯱â¯23. 6, 5.3⯱â¯0.3⯵g/mL, respectively) and antiglycation (BSA/Frutose IC50 of LF: 43.1⯱â¯3.4, 52.1⯱â¯6.0, 175.5⯱â¯32, 8, 111.8⯱â¯14.7 and BSA/Frutose IC50 of SB:, 40.1⯱â¯11.9, 51.2⯱â¯16. 7, 46.6⯱â¯5.7, 53.5⯱â¯13.6⯵g/mL) and presence of polyphenols, such as flavonoids and condensed tannins. The extracts presented low ability to inhibit α-glycosidase and lipase enzymes in the initial assays, with values below 40% of inhibition. In BSA/methylglyoxal, only Q. grandiflora SB, V. eliptica LF and V. tucanorum LF showed activity (IC50: 655.5⯱â¯208.5, 401.9⯱â¯135.2 and 617.1⯱â¯80.6⯵g/mL, respectively) and only C. major LF and SB, in Arg/methylglyoxal (IC50: 485.1⯱â¯130.8 and 468.0⯱â¯150.5⯵g/ml, respectively). This study presented new findings about the biological and pharmacological potential of some species of Vochysiaceae family, contributing to the understanding of the action and efficacy in use of these plants, in their management of postprandial hyperglycemia and in glycation and oxidative processes that contribute to managing diabetes mellitus.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/química , Productos Finales de Glicación Avanzada/antagonistas & inhibidores , Inhibidores de Glicósido Hidrolasas/química , Hipoglucemiantes/química , Myrtales/química , Fitoquímicos/química , Antioxidantes/aislamiento & purificación , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Pruebas de Enzimas , Inhibidores de Glicósido Hidrolasas/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Hipoglucemiantes/aislamiento & purificación , Lipasa/antagonistas & inhibidores , Fitoquímicos/aislamiento & purificación , Corteza de la Planta/química , Hojas de la Planta/química , alfa-Amilasas/antagonistas & inhibidoresRESUMEN
RESUMO As plantas produzem uma grande variedade de metabólitos secundários que frequentemente são relacionados a mecanismos de proteção da planta contra predadores e patógenos. As espécies tóxicas são aquelas capazes de produzirem compostos que podem causar alterações metabólicas prejudiciais ao homem e aos animais. A toxicidade apresentada por uma espécie vegetal pode estar relacionada a fatores associados ao indivíduo, à planta, ao modo de exposição e a questões ambientais. A intoxicação, aguda ou crônica, causada por plantas é difícil de ser diagnosticada assim como a associação entre os sintomas e o consumo e/ou contato com algumas espécies é difícil de ser estabelecida. No âmbito da saúde pública, as intoxicações causadas por plantas possuem impacto expressivo. No Brasil foram registrados 1026 casos em 2012, sendo que a maior parte deles ocorreu com crianças de 0 a 4 anos, de acordo com os dados do SINITOX. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um levantamento bibliográfico de espécies vegetais, brasileiras e exóticas aclimatadas, citadas como tóxicas apesar de serem utilizadas com fins ornamentais e medicinais.
ABSTRACT Plants produce a wide variety of secondary metabolites, which are frequently related to a plant’s protective mechanism against predators and pathogens. Toxic species are those capable of producing compounds that can cause metabolic changes harmful to humans and animals. The toxicity of plant species can be associated with aspects related to the individual, the plant, the manner of exposure, and to environmental issues. Acute or chronic intoxication caused by plants is difficult to diagnose and the association between the symptoms and the consumption of and/or contact with plants is hard to establish. In the public health sector, intoxications caused by plants have a wide impact. In Brazil, 1,026 cases were registered in 2012, most of which occurred with children between the ages of 0 to 4 years, according to data reported by SINITOX. The purpose of this study was to perform a bibliographic survey of Brazilian or acclimatized exotic plant species, which have been reported as toxic even though they are used for ornamental or medicinal purposes.